Does Makeup Expire?
Yes, all makeup expires. Mascara lasts 3-6 months, liquid foundation 6-12 months, lipstick 1-2 years, and powder products 2+ years. Expired makeup can harbor bacteria, cause breakouts, eye infections, or skin irritation. Look for the PAO (period after opening) symbol showing months of safe use.
Key Takeaways
- Makeup expiration varies by product type.
- Natural and preservative-free cosmetics may expire faster than conventional products.
- Pencil products last longer because sharpening removes contaminated surfaces.
Explanation
Makeup expiration varies by product type. Wet products like mascara, liquid eyeliner, and cream products expire fastest because moisture supports bacterial growth. Powder products like eyeshadow, blush, and powder foundation last longest because dry environments inhibit bacteria.
The PAO symbol (an open jar icon with a number like '12M') indicates months of safe use after opening. Many products also have traditional expiration dates. Track when you open products, especially mascara and liquid eyeliner that touch eyes.
Signs of expired makeup include changes in smell, color, or texture; separation of ingredients; or decreased performance. Eye products should be replaced after any eye infection. When in doubt, throw it out - the cost of new makeup is less than treating an infection.
Mascara carries the highest infection risk of any cosmetic because it contacts the eyes directly and the dark, moist tube is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria like Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A 2019 study published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology found significant microbial contamination in mascaras used beyond 3 months, even when users had no visible eye infections. Never pump the wand in and out of the tube, as this pushes air and bacteria inside. Replace mascara at the 3-month mark regardless of appearance.
Lipsticks and lip glosses are more resistant to bacterial growth because of their wax and oil base, but they do go rancid over time. A lipstick that smells waxy, crayon-like, or metallic has likely oxidized and should be discarded. Liquid lipsticks with doe-foot applicators expire faster than bullet lipsticks, typically lasting 12-18 months versus 2 years, because the applicator introduces saliva and bacteria into the tube.
Things to Know
- Natural and preservative-free cosmetics may expire faster than conventional products.
- Pencil products last longer because sharpening removes contaminated surfaces.
- Store makeup in cool, dry places; bathroom humidity can accelerate degradation.
- SPF-containing makeup like tinted moisturizers and BB creams should follow sunscreen expiration guidelines, typically 12 months after opening, since the UV filters degrade and lose protective efficacy over time.