Difference Between Alligators and Crocodiles
The easiest way to tell them apart is the snout shape: alligators have wide, U-shaped snouts, while crocodiles have narrow, V-shaped snouts. Crocodiles show teeth when their mouths are closed; alligators do not. Alligators are typically darker colored and prefer freshwater; crocodiles are lighter and tolerate saltwater.
Key Takeaways
- Snout shape is the most reliable identifier.
- Caimans are related to alligators and share similar features; they live in Central and South America.
- The gharial is a crocodilian with an extremely narrow snout, distinct from both groups.
Explanation
Snout shape is the most reliable identifier. Alligators evolved to crush hard-shelled prey like turtles, so they have broad, powerful snouts. Crocodiles have narrower snouts better suited for catching fish and a variety of prey.
Teeth visibility is another clear difference. Crocodiles have an interlocking bite where the large fourth tooth on the lower jaw is visible even when the mouth is closed, giving them a toothy grin. Alligators have an overbite that hides lower teeth.
Habitat and geography help too. In the United States, if you see one, it is almost certainly an alligator (only South Florida has both). Alligators prefer freshwater swamps and lakes. Crocodiles have salt glands and can live in coastal and saltwater environments.
Things to Know
- Caimans are related to alligators and share similar features; they live in Central and South America.
- The gharial is a crocodilian with an extremely narrow snout, distinct from both groups.
- Baby alligators and crocodiles are harder to distinguish before their features fully develop.